EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE FOUNDATION
  • Home
    • About Us >
      • Social Justice Education
      • International Community Outreach >
        • Chiba Korean Elementary Middle School >
          • ESJF Student Art Competition
          • ESJF Statement: “After ‘Lack of Freedom of Expression?’” Shut Down to Suppress Freedom of Expression
          • Letter to Aichi Prefectural Triennale Promotion Office
        • Days for Girls International
    • Contact Us >
      • Workshop and Lecture Request
    • Blog
    • ESJF in the News
  • Topics
    • Countering Sexual & Gender-based Violence >
      • Military "Comfort Women" System >
        • International "Comfort Women" Day >
          • 30th Anniversary of Kim Hak-Soon Halmoni's public testimony >
            • Kim Hak-Soon Halmoni
        • 2000 Women’s International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan’s Military Sexual Slavery
        • 2015 "Comfort Women" Agreement
        • Historic Lawsuits related to Japanese military sexual slavery before and during WWII >
          • Sung Sohn's Essay with commentaries and statement
        • Wednesday Demonstration
        • Peace Statue >
          • UNESCO and the "Voices of the 'Comfort Women'" >
            • Timeline
            • 2021 Youth Artwork Competition >
              • Guidelines
              • Application
            • 2021 Young Adult Online Campaign >
              • Guidelines
              • Application
          • Reports and Papers on Sexual Violence & Slavery
      • Conflict-related SGBV in Tigray & Afghanistan
    • HISTORY and Issues Surrounding ASIAN DIASPORA in the United States
    • Weapons of Mass Destruction and Medical Experimentation
  • Educator Resources
    • Countering Sexual & Gender-based Violence: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
      • Primary Source Documents: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
        • Concerning the Recruitment of Women for Military Comfort Stations
        • Psychological Warfare Interrogation Report No. 49
        • Psychological Warfare Interrogation Bulletin No. 2
        • SEATIC Psychological Warfare Bulletin No. 182
        • G-3 Daily Dairy
        • C.B.I. Roundup
        • Allied Translator and Interpreter Section (ATIS) No. 470
        • Research Report No. 120: Amenities in the Japanese Armed Forces
        • San Francisco Local History >
          • Resolutions >
            • Resolution 158-25A1
          • Reflection and Chronology: Eric Mar
          • Reflection: Steven Whyte & Ellen Wilson
          • Chronology: Teaching "Comfort Women" History from the 1990s to Present
        • Photographs
      • Secondary Source Documents/ Further Resources: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
        • Secondary Resource References
        • ESJF Statement on the South Korea Court’s ruling, April 21, 2021
        • ESJF Statement on the South Korea Court’s ruling, January 8, 2021
        • International Joint Statement, August 14, 2019
        • International Joint Statement, March 1, 2019
        • International Joint Statement, October 6, 2018
        • International Joint Statement, January 7, 2018
      • Historical Background
      • Survivors' Testimonies & Legacies >
        • Korea
        • China
        • Philippines
        • Indonesia
        • Japan
        • Netherlands
      • 2017 CA H-SS Framework >
        • Basic questions surrounding the Japanese Military Sexual Slavery System
      • Lesson Plans: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
        • ​Reality and trauma of military sexual slavery
        • Denial of legal and historical responsibility
        • ​Remembering and honoring "comfort women"
        • A Global plague
        • Collective activism
        • Contemporary movements towards justice
        • Sexual and medical violence against Blacks
      • Worksheets
      • Activity Sheets
      • Map of Memorials in the United States
      • YouTube >
        • First Video Footage of Korean "Comfort Women": July, 2017
        • First Video Footage of Mass Murdered "Comfort Women": Feb. 2018
        • Justice for the victims of the Japanese military “comfort women” system
        • Animation Herstory
        • Life as a "Comfort Woman": Story of Kim Bok-Dong
        • Meet Estelita Dy: A Filipino "Comfort Woman" Survivor
        • 2015 "Comfort Women" Agreement and Victims' Reaction
        • 2018 International "Comfort Women" Day
      • 2017 Special Task Force Report on 2015 "Comfort Women" Agreement between S. Korea and Japan
    • HISTORY and Issues Surrounding ASIAN DIASPORA in the United States >
      • K-5
      • 6-8
      • 9-12
      • San Francisco Asian Art Museum
      • Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center
    • Weapons of Mass Destruction and Medical Experimentation >
      • United States >
        • Lesson Plans
      • Asia >
        • Video Footage for Classroom
        • Primary Source Documents: Medical Atrocities and Ethics
        • Secondary Source Documents: Medical Atrocities and Ethics
        • Lesson Plans
      • Europe >
        • Lesson Plans
  • Our Publications
    • "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
      • Teacher Resource Guide >
        • How to Order
      • Student Resource Guide >
        • How to Order
    • Weapons of Mass Destruction and Medical Experimentation >
      • Asia
      • Europe
      • United States
  • Professional Development Events
  • Partners
  • Give

Countering sexual and gender-based violence:
​“Comfort Women” 
History and Issues

The term “comfort women” is a euphemism referring to the victims of Japanese military sexual slavery established and operated by the Japanese Imperial Armed Forces in their occupied territories from the 1930s through the end of WWII in 1945. When addressing sexual and gender-based violence, a grave violation of human rights, we apply lessons learned from the dark history of the Japanese military’s sexual slavery system before and during WWII. 

Picture
Background: While stationed in China from 1937 to 1940 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, Murase documented the horrors of war through photography. In his book, My China Front, he included close to two hundred photos, voicing his opposition to the war and condemning the atrocities the Japanese government committed against civilians and soldiers. 
Location: Hankou, China
Photographer: Moriyasu Murase
Source: Murase, Moriyasu.  My China Front, Japan, 1987.
Historical Background
Picture
Survivors’ Testimonies
Picture
Primary Source Documents
Picture
Secondary Source Documents
Picture
Picture
Lesson Plans
Picture
2017 CA H-SS Framework
Worksheets
Map of  Memorials in the United States
San Francisco Local History​
Workshop and Lecture Request
Proudly powered by Weebly
  • Home
    • About Us >
      • Social Justice Education
      • International Community Outreach >
        • Chiba Korean Elementary Middle School >
          • ESJF Student Art Competition
          • ESJF Statement: “After ‘Lack of Freedom of Expression?’” Shut Down to Suppress Freedom of Expression
          • Letter to Aichi Prefectural Triennale Promotion Office
        • Days for Girls International
    • Contact Us >
      • Workshop and Lecture Request
    • Blog
    • ESJF in the News
  • Topics
    • Countering Sexual & Gender-based Violence >
      • Military "Comfort Women" System >
        • International "Comfort Women" Day >
          • 30th Anniversary of Kim Hak-Soon Halmoni's public testimony >
            • Kim Hak-Soon Halmoni
        • 2000 Women’s International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan’s Military Sexual Slavery
        • 2015 "Comfort Women" Agreement
        • Historic Lawsuits related to Japanese military sexual slavery before and during WWII >
          • Sung Sohn's Essay with commentaries and statement
        • Wednesday Demonstration
        • Peace Statue >
          • UNESCO and the "Voices of the 'Comfort Women'" >
            • Timeline
            • 2021 Youth Artwork Competition >
              • Guidelines
              • Application
            • 2021 Young Adult Online Campaign >
              • Guidelines
              • Application
          • Reports and Papers on Sexual Violence & Slavery
      • Conflict-related SGBV in Tigray & Afghanistan
    • HISTORY and Issues Surrounding ASIAN DIASPORA in the United States
    • Weapons of Mass Destruction and Medical Experimentation
  • Educator Resources
    • Countering Sexual & Gender-based Violence: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
      • Primary Source Documents: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
        • Concerning the Recruitment of Women for Military Comfort Stations
        • Psychological Warfare Interrogation Report No. 49
        • Psychological Warfare Interrogation Bulletin No. 2
        • SEATIC Psychological Warfare Bulletin No. 182
        • G-3 Daily Dairy
        • C.B.I. Roundup
        • Allied Translator and Interpreter Section (ATIS) No. 470
        • Research Report No. 120: Amenities in the Japanese Armed Forces
        • San Francisco Local History >
          • Resolutions >
            • Resolution 158-25A1
          • Reflection and Chronology: Eric Mar
          • Reflection: Steven Whyte & Ellen Wilson
          • Chronology: Teaching "Comfort Women" History from the 1990s to Present
        • Photographs
      • Secondary Source Documents/ Further Resources: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
        • Secondary Resource References
        • ESJF Statement on the South Korea Court’s ruling, April 21, 2021
        • ESJF Statement on the South Korea Court’s ruling, January 8, 2021
        • International Joint Statement, August 14, 2019
        • International Joint Statement, March 1, 2019
        • International Joint Statement, October 6, 2018
        • International Joint Statement, January 7, 2018
      • Historical Background
      • Survivors' Testimonies & Legacies >
        • Korea
        • China
        • Philippines
        • Indonesia
        • Japan
        • Netherlands
      • 2017 CA H-SS Framework >
        • Basic questions surrounding the Japanese Military Sexual Slavery System
      • Lesson Plans: "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
        • ​Reality and trauma of military sexual slavery
        • Denial of legal and historical responsibility
        • ​Remembering and honoring "comfort women"
        • A Global plague
        • Collective activism
        • Contemporary movements towards justice
        • Sexual and medical violence against Blacks
      • Worksheets
      • Activity Sheets
      • Map of Memorials in the United States
      • YouTube >
        • First Video Footage of Korean "Comfort Women": July, 2017
        • First Video Footage of Mass Murdered "Comfort Women": Feb. 2018
        • Justice for the victims of the Japanese military “comfort women” system
        • Animation Herstory
        • Life as a "Comfort Woman": Story of Kim Bok-Dong
        • Meet Estelita Dy: A Filipino "Comfort Woman" Survivor
        • 2015 "Comfort Women" Agreement and Victims' Reaction
        • 2018 International "Comfort Women" Day
      • 2017 Special Task Force Report on 2015 "Comfort Women" Agreement between S. Korea and Japan
    • HISTORY and Issues Surrounding ASIAN DIASPORA in the United States >
      • K-5
      • 6-8
      • 9-12
      • San Francisco Asian Art Museum
      • Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center
    • Weapons of Mass Destruction and Medical Experimentation >
      • United States >
        • Lesson Plans
      • Asia >
        • Video Footage for Classroom
        • Primary Source Documents: Medical Atrocities and Ethics
        • Secondary Source Documents: Medical Atrocities and Ethics
        • Lesson Plans
      • Europe >
        • Lesson Plans
  • Our Publications
    • "Comfort Women" History and Issues >
      • Teacher Resource Guide >
        • How to Order
      • Student Resource Guide >
        • How to Order
    • Weapons of Mass Destruction and Medical Experimentation >
      • Asia
      • Europe
      • United States
  • Professional Development Events
  • Partners
  • Give